江苏省冬麦区小麦种质资源耐盐性评价

Evaluation of Salt Tolerance of Main Wheat Cultivars Planted in Jiangsu Province

为比较江苏省冬麦区小麦种质资源的耐盐性,采用室内芽期和盐池全生育期耐盐性鉴定相结合的方法进行本研究。室内采用不同稀释梯度的海水在小麦芽期进行胁迫处理,研究12个小麦品种芽期的耐盐性。盐池采用0.20%~0.30%的盐胁迫研究80个江苏地方种质资源全生育期耐盐性。芽期耐盐性鉴定结果表明:小麦品种相对发芽率随着海水浓度的增加呈现显著的下降趋势,在T2处理时表现明显;T4处理时,仅有6个小麦品种的相对发芽率大于20.00%,其中淮麦32的相对发芽率为50.00%;其他小麦品种相对发芽率变化范围为0~14.75%,其中盐麦6032的相对发芽率为0。盐池胁迫下,对80个小麦种质资源株高和千粒质量鉴定表明,盐胁迫后其株高和千粒质量均值降低。其中,对照区(CK)株高的平均值为83.79 cm,盐胁迫(T)株高的平均值为78.82 cm;对照区(CK)千粒质量的平均值为53.67 g,盐胁迫(T)千粒质量的平均值为52.03 g。

This research compared the levels of salt tolerance in a large number of wheat cultivars planted in winter wheat zones of Jiangsu Province.Twelve wheat cultivars were investigated for their salt tolerance in germination stage by determining their germination rate in an indoor experiment,while 80 accessions of local wheat germplasm resource collected in Jiangsu Province were evaluated for their salt tolerance in whole growth stage under 0.20%~0.30%salt stress.The results of evaluation of salt tolerance at the germination stage showed that the relative germination rate of wheat varieties decreased significantly with the increase of seawater concentration in treatments,which sharply dropped in T2 treatment(seeds were exposed to 40%diluted seawater)compared with the water control.Under T4 treatment(seeds were exposed to 80%diluted seawater),only six wheat cultivars showed the relative germination rate greater than 20.00%,with Huaimai 32 having the highest rate of 50.00%;and this parameter in the other cultivars varied from 0 to 14.75%,with Yanmai 6032 having the lowest rate of 0.00%.In the field experiment to evaluate the impact of salt stress on the plant height and 1000-seed weight of 80 wheat germplasm accessions,plants under salt stress had lower average plant height and 1000-seed weight than the control plants without salt stress.The treatment under salt stress had the average plant height of 78.82 cm and the average thousand-seed weight of 52.03 g,while the counterparts in the control were 83.79 cm and 53.67 g,respectively.