“劲丰谷德”对小麦抗倒性和产量的影响

Influence of the Chemical Control Agent Jinfenggude on Wheat Lodging Resistance and Yield

小麦倒伏现象在生产上比较普遍,是影响小麦高产和优质的重要因素。本研究采取化控技术来调控小麦的生长状况以减少倒伏的影响。通过在孕穗期和抽穗扬花期同时或单独喷施不同质量浓度的“劲丰谷德”,比较不同时期和质量浓度的“劲丰谷德”处理对小麦抗倒性和产量的影响。结果表明,不同处理间茎秆特性、产量性状和抗倒性差异较大。产量性状中小穗数与倒伏指数之间呈显著正相关,茎秆特性中单穗质量与倒伏指数呈显著正相关,节2内径与倒伏指数和机械强度呈显著负相关。施用“劲丰谷德”可以显著降低小麦株高,缩短穗下节间长和倒2节间长,重心高度降低,增加小麦千粒质量,各处理产量平均值较对照增产9.91%。各处理施用“劲丰谷德”后小麦抗倒效果和增产效果均较好,尤其推荐孕穗期100 g或孕穗期和扬花期各100 g(对水量均为1500 mL/hm^(2))处理。

Lodging is a common problem in wheat production,significantly affecting wheat yield and quality.In this study,the chemical control agent Jinfeng was used to regulate wheat growth and enhance its lodging resistance.Jinfeng was sprayed to wheat plants at different application rates;at each rate,two treatments were set,with Jinfeng applied at only booting stage in one treatment,and at both booting and flowering stages in another.The treatments were compared in wheat lodging resistance and yield.As a result,different treatments varied significantly in the characters and lodging resistance of culm and yield.Of yield characters,spikelet number had a significant positive correlation with lodging index;moreover,of stem characters,panicle weight had a significant positive correlation with lodging index.On the other hand,the inner diameter of section 2 was negatively correlated with lodging index and mechanical strength.Plant height and the center of gravity both decreased with Jinfeng treatment,which significantly shortened lengths of sub-spike internodes and the second internode,and increased 1000-grain weight of wheat.The average yield of Jinfeng treatments increased by 9.91%compared with the control without Jinfeng.All in all,all Jinfeng treatments significantly improved wheat lodging resistance and yield.We especially recommend treatment A3(applying Jinfeng only at booting stage at 100 g blended with 1500 mL water per hm^(2))and A4(applying Jinfeng at both booting and flowering stages at 100 g blended with 1500 mL water per hm^(2)),since A3 is favorable for enhancing lodging resistance and also controlling cost,and A4 is highly effective in improving both yield and lodging resistance.Overall,this study lays a scientific foundation of using chemical control technology to enhance wheat lodging resistance in Taizhou area.