2010—2012年中国农民膳食摄入特征及地区差异研究

Characteristics and Regional Differences of Dietary Intake of Chinese Farmers from 2010 to 2012

基于2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据,获取中国农民膳食营养状况,得到中国不同性别、年龄农民的能量、宏量营养素和膳食结构特征,并比较不同省份农民摄入特征的差异,结果发现:中国农民男性和女性随着年龄增加能量和宏量营养素摄入下降;随着城市经济发展水平下降,农民的能量摄入量增加,碳水化合物摄入量及其供能比增加、脂肪摄入量及其供能比下降,蛋白质摄入量略有增加,但是优质蛋白比例大幅下降。中国农民能量和宏量营养素摄入总体充足,东部沿海和长江流域地区农民脂肪供能比超出30%上限,上海、天津、江苏等地农民的脂肪供能比达到35%以上,北方大部分地区农民的优质蛋白比例远低于推荐值。

Based on data from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2010—2012,the dietary nutrition status of Chinese farmers was obtained,and the characteristics of energy,macro nutrients and dietary structure of Chinese farmers of different gender and age were obtained,and the differences of intake characteristics of farmers in different provinces were compared. The results showed that the energy and macro nutrients intake of male and female farmers decreased with the increase of age. With the decline of urban economic level,the energy intake of farmers increased,and the carbohydrate intake and its proportion of energy supply increased,the fat intake and its proportion of energy supply decreased,and the protein intake increased slightly,but the proportion of high-quality protein decreased significantly. The overall intake of energy and macro nutrients of Chinese farmers is sufficient. The proportion of energy supply from fat intake of farmers in the eastern coastal areas and the Yangtze River Basin exceeds the upper limit of 30%,and farmers in Shanghai,Tianjin,Jiangsu and other places reaching more than 35%. The proportion of high-quality protein of farmers in most northern areas is far lower than the recommended value.