维生素A辅助治疗儿童支气管哮喘的临床疗效及其对血清炎症因子和T淋巴细胞水平的影响

Clinical Effect of Vitamin A in Adjuvant Treatment of Bronchial Asthma in Children and Its Effect on Serum Inflammatory Factors and T Lymphocyte Levels

目的:探讨维生素A在辅助治疗儿童支气管哮喘中,对临床疗效、血清炎症因子,以及T淋巴细胞水平的影响。方法:收集2020年2月—2021年2月在我院收治的98例支气管哮喘患儿为研究对象,按照随机数字表随机均分为观察组和对照组各49例,2组患者间性别、年龄、病程、疾病程度无差异,具有可比性。对照组患儿给予沙丁胺醇气雾剂和布地奈德吸入气雾剂常规治疗,观察组患儿在给予常规治疗的基础上,每天给予维生素A辅助治疗,2组患儿均接受为期3个月的治疗。观察并比较2组患儿治疗前后肺功能指标第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)及FEV1/FVC%,患儿咳嗽、喘息、肺部啰音等症状和体征消失的时间差异;比较2组患儿治疗前后血清炎症因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,以及T淋巴细胞亚群CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)水平变化情况。结果:经维生素A辅助治疗后,患儿咳嗽、喘息和肺部啰音消失时间均短于对照组患儿,FEV1、FVC和FEV1/FVC改善情况更为显著,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且维生素A辅助治疗组患儿血清IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α降低水平均高于对照组患儿,血清CD4^(+)增高水平、CD8^(+)下降水平和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)增高水平均高于对照组患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:维生素A辅助治疗儿童支气管哮喘临床疗效显著,可有效缩短咳嗽、喘息、肺部啰音等症状消失时间,改善患儿肺功能,降低血清炎症因子水平,改善T细胞水平,促进支气管哮喘患儿康复。

Objective To explore the effect of vitamin A on the clinical efficacy,serum inflammatory factors,and T lymphocytes levels in the adjuvant treatment of bronchial asthma in children.Method We collected 98 children with bronchial asthma who were admitted to our hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 as the research objects.According to the random number table,they were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 49 cases each.There was no difference in gender,age,course of disease,and degree of disease between the two groups of patients,and they were comparable.Children in the control group were given conventional treatment with salbutamol aerosol and budesonide inhalation aerosol,and children in the observation group were given supplementary vitamin A treatment on the basis of conventional treatment.Both groups of children received 3 months of treatment.Compare the two groups of children before and after treatment in the first second forced expiratory volume(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC)and FEV1/FVC%,as well as the difference in the time to the disappearance of symptoms such as cough,wheezing,and lung rales in the two groups.The serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and T lymphocyte subsets CD4^(+),CD8^(+)levels were compared between the two groups of children before and after treatment.Result After adjuvant treatment of vitamin A,the children cough,wheeze and lung rales disappeared time were shorter than children in the control group,the improvement of FEV1,FVC and FEV1/FVC was more significant,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,the decreased levels of serum IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α,and the increased levels of serum CD4^(+)and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and the decreased levels of CD8^(+)in the vitamin A adjuvant treatment group were higher than those in the control group.And the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Vitamin A has a significant clinical effect in the auxiliary treatment of bronchial asthma in children.It can effectively shorten the disappearance time of symptoms such as cough,wheeze,and pulmonary rales,improve lung function,reduce serum inflammatory factor levels,improve T cell levels,promote the recovery of children with bronchial asthma.