紧固件防松性能定量评价方法

Quantitative Evaluation Method of Anti-loosening Performance for Fasteners

工程领域一直都缺少对紧固件防松性能进行定量评价的方法,针对该问题,基于现有的横向振动试验方法,改进了横向振动试验设备,提出以导致旋转松动的临界横向力作为评价防松性能的定量指标,并给出了具体的试验方法和数据获取方法。基于所提的方法,对弹簧垫圈、楔形螺母和偏心双螺母的防松性能进行了定量测试与对比,在本研究试验条件下,得出以下结论:(1)弹簧垫圈没有防松性能;(2)相同预紧力下,相比普通螺纹连接,使用楔形螺母后防松性能最多提升了117%;(3)相同预紧力下,相比普通螺纹连接,使用偏心双螺母后防松性能最多提升了125%;(4)在高预紧力条件下,使用楔形螺母和偏心双螺母后防松性能和普通螺纹连接的防松性能相差不大。

There is a lack of quantitative evaluation method for fastener’s anti-loosening performance in engineering field.To solve the problem,based on the existing transverse vibration test method,the transverse vibration test equipment is improved and the critical transverse force that causes rotational loosening is proposed as a quantitative index for evaluating the anti-loosening performance,and detailed test methods and data acquisition methods are given.Based on the method,the anti-loosening performance of spring washer,wedge nut and eccentric double nut are compared.Under the experimental conditions,The results show that:(1)Spring washer has no anti-loosening performance;(2)Under the same preload,compared with common thread connection,the anti-loosening performance of wedge-shaped nut is improved by 116.7%at most;(3)Under the same preload,compared with the common thread connection,the anti-loose performance of the double eccentric nut is improved by 125%at most;(4)Under the condition of high preload,the anti-loosening performance of the wedge nut and the eccentric double nut have little difference with the anti-loosening performance of common thread connection.