《共产党宣言》的马克思主义党建思想探赜

Reserch on Marxist Party Building Thought in The Communist Manifesto

马克思、恩格斯从《德法年鉴》时期开始探索人类的解放,明确把新哲学作为人类解放的"头脑",把无产阶级作为人类解放的"心脏",从而为马克思主义党建理论奠定了基础,《共产党宣言》则标志着马克思主义党建理论的形成。《共产党宣言》确定了马克思主义是共产主义政党建设的指导思想;明确了共产主义政党的本质属性是"为绝大多数人谋利益"、是工人政党中"最坚决的、始终起推动作用的"先进性政党;指明了共产主义政党"最近目的"是组织无产阶级推翻资产阶级统治,将政权掌握在无产阶级手中,最高理想是建立"自由人联合体"的共产主义社会;阐明了共产主义政党的策略原则是政治上坚持共产党的政治领导地位、思想上坚持理论联系实际、教育上主张先进理论武装自身与教育群众相结合。今天重释《共产党宣言》,对新时代中国共产党的建设具有重要的启迪意义。

Marx and Engels began to explore the liberation of mankind during the German-French Yearbook,and made clear that the new philosophy was regarded as the“mind”of human liberation,and the proletariat as the“heart”of human liberation,thus gradually formed the theory of the construction of the proletarian party.The Communist Manifesto became the foundation of Marxist Party building theory,It marks the formation of Marxist Party construction theory.The Communist Manifesto confirmed that Marxism is the guiding ideology of the construction of proletarian party;The essence of the proletarian party is defined as“the interests of the overwhelming majority of people”and the“most resolute and always promoting”advanced political party in the workers’political party.It points out that the“recent purpose”of the proletarian party is to organize the proletariat to overthrow the bourgeois rule and hold the power in the hands of the proletariat.The highest ideal is to establish a communist society of“free man union”;The strategic principle is to adhere to the political leadership of the Communist Party,to adhere to the theory with practice in ideology,to advocate the combination of advanced theory armed with the masses in education.Today,reinterpretation of The Communist Manifesto will help us to better understand the thought of the construction of the proletarian party,and will also have important enlightenment for the construction of the Communist Party of China in the new era.