2019年第七届世界军人运动会不同场所病媒生物危害风险评估

Risk assessment of vectors at the venues of 7th CISM Military World Games,2019

目的评估第七届世界军人运动会不同类型场所病媒生物非疾病类危害风险,为病媒生物防制工作提供科学依据,保障各项赛事顺利进行。方法采用器械法监测相关场所病媒生物密度,目测法检查防鼠、防蝇设施配备情况,通过专家会商法评估第七届世界军人运动会举办期间各类型场所病媒生物非疾病类危害发生的风险。结果根据监测资料统计,2016-2018年鼠类平均捕获率为0.75%,蝇类平均密度为2.61只/笼,蜚蠊平均密度为0.87只/(张·夜),蚊虫平均密度为34.24只/(灯·夜)。第七届世界军人运动会相关场所病媒生物密度监测结果显示,鼠类平均捕获率为0.20%,蝇类平均密度为4.96只/笼,蜚蠊平均密度为0.11只/(张·夜),蚊虫平均密度为16.11只/(灯·夜)。病媒生物防护设备排查情况显示,在197个相关场所或单位中,防鼠设施不合格的场所或单位达169个,不合格率为85.79%;防蝇设施不合格的场所或单位达130个,不合格率为65.99%。经专家综合评估,病媒生物叮咬与骚扰在军运村、竞赛场馆和媒体中心为高危险度风险,在重点接待酒店为低危险度风险,在其他场所为中等危险度风险;病媒生物污染环境与食物及影响观瞻在开(闭)幕式场馆、重点接待酒店和竞赛场馆为低危险度风险,在其他场所为中等危险度风险;病媒生物破坏电力设施在竞赛场馆为高危险度风险,在重点接待酒店和定点医院为低危险度风险,在其他场所为中等危险度风险。结论根据病媒生物密度监测、防护设施排查及病媒生物危害风险评估结果,应采取针对性风险防范措施,以确保第七届世界军人运动会举办期间不发生严重的病媒生物危害事件。

Objective To investigate the risk of non-disease hazards caused by vectors in different types of places of the7 th CISM Military World Games(CWG),to provide a scientific basis for vector control,and to ensure the successful hosting of the 7 th CWG.Methods The instrument method was used to monitor vector density;visual observation method was used to check the equipment of rodent-and fly-proof facilities;the expert consultation method was used to assess the risk of non-disease hazards caused by vectors in different types of places during the 7 th CWG.Results Based on the vector surveillance data in 2016-2018,the mean capture rate of rodents was 0.75%,the mean density of flies was 2.61 flies/cage,the mean density of cockroaches was 0.87 cockroaches/sheet·night,and the mean density of mosquitoes was 34.24 mosquitoes/lamp·night.The surveillance results of vector density in the places for the 7 th CWG showed that the mean capture rate of rodents was 0.20%,the mean density of flies was 4.96 flies/cage,the mean density of cockroaches was 0.11 cockroaches/sheet·night,and the mean density of mosquitoes was 16.11 mosquitoes/lamp·night.The examination of vector-proof facilities showed that among the 197 places or units associated with the 7 th CWG,169 were found to have unqualified rodent-proof facilities,with an unqualified rate of 85.79%,and 130 were found to have unqualified fly-proof facilities,with an unqualified rate of 65.99%.Comprehensive assessment by experts indicated that vector bites and nuisance were rated as a high risk in military athletes’ village,competition stadiums,and media center,a low risk in key hotels for reception,and a moderate risk in other related places;vector contamination of environment and food and ugly sight were rated as a low risk in stadiums for opening and closing ceremonies,key hotels for reception,and competition stadiums and a moderate risk in other related places;vector destruction of electricity power facilities was evaluated as a high risk in competition stadiums,a low risk in key hotels for reception and designated hospitals and a moderate risk in other related places.Conclusion Targeted countermeasures for vector risk prevention should be adopted according to the results of vector surveillance,investigation of protective facilities,and risk assessment of vector hazards,so as to ensure that no serious hazards caused by vector occur during the 7 th CWG.