中美牧草种子生产比较

Comparison of Forage Seed Production Between China and U.S.A.

牧草种子在草原植被恢复和草牧业生产中发挥着重要作用。中美都是国土辽阔的大国,本文通过对比近十年内中美2国牧草种子生产的相关数据,分析中美草种业在牧草种子生产规模、专业化生产的地域性、新品种选育、产业化与机械化以及生产技术研究上的差异。结果表明:尽管我国在牧草种子专业化生产的地域性方面取得了长足进步,但是种植面积和单产仍然低于美国,每年仍需进口大量牧草种子来满足生态建设和草产业发展的迫切需求;与美国相比,我国牧草种子生产在育种、产业化、机械化和专业化等方面存在巨大的潜力,而且我国牧草种子产业亟需培育大型龙头企业。基于中美在牧草种子生产体系上的差异,本文比较分析了中美两国在牧草种子生产方面的差异和我国的发展潜力,并提出了当前我国牧草种子产业发展需要集中努力的方向和建议,希望能为推动我国草种业快速健康发展提供参考。

Forage seed plays an important role in vegetation restoration of grassland and production in forage-based animal husbandry.As both China and United States of America(U.S.A.)are big countries with vast territory,in this paper,we compared the data of forage seed production between China and U.S.A.in the recent ten years,and summarized their differences on the production scale of forage seeds,specialization of regional production,breeding of new variety,industrialization,mechanization,and researches on production technology.The results showed that,China has made great progress in regional production of forage seeds,but the planting area and yield per hectare are still much lower than those in U.S.A.,and a large amount of forage seeds was annually imported to meet the urgent needs of ecological construction and grass industry development.Compared with U.S.A.,forage seed production in China has great potential in the development of breeding,industrialization,mechanization and specialization,and there is an urgent need to cultivation large leading companies.Based on the differences in forage seed production system between China and U.S.A.,this paper compared the differences of forage seed production of the two countries,showed the development potential of China,put forward suggestions,and pointed out the directions on the development of Chinese forage seed industry.We hope our suggestions can provide reference for promoting the rapid and healthy development of forage seed industry in China.