2016—2020年合肥市血吸虫病疫情监测结果分析

Analysis on the surveillance results of schistosomiasis epidemic in Hefei City from 2016 to 2020

目的分析2016—2020年合肥市血吸虫病国家监测点疫情,了解全市血吸虫病疫情变化趋势,为合肥市血吸虫病防治提供科学依据。方法收集整理2016—2020年合肥市国家监测点螺情和病情监测数据,进行描述性统计分析。结果2016—2020年,合肥市国家监测点总体螺情稳定,小范围内有波动,2019年复现钉螺面积0.50 hm^(2),镜检未发现感染性钉螺;人群血吸虫病血检阳性率从2018年的最高0.27%降至0,五年来均无当地感染病例;未发现血吸虫阳性家畜。结论2016—2020年,合肥市继续实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略,全市血吸虫病疫情总体处于历史最低水平,局部地区血吸虫病传播风险依然存在,今后应继续加强对该地区的疫情监测工作。

Objective To understand the epidemic trend of schistosomiasis in Hefei through systematically analyzing the endemic status of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites from 2016 to 2020 for scientific evidence to develop prevention and control strategies for schistosomiasis in Hefei.Methods Monitoring data were collected from the national surveillance sites within Hefei area from 2016 throughout 2020,and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results Overall,the snail situation in Hefei area remained stable between 2016 and 2020,though fluctuation occurred in small range.Snail reemerged in an area of 0.50 hm^(2) in 2019,yet no infected snails were found by microscopic examination.Positive rate of blood test for Schistosoma japonicum in population was decreased to zero from the maximal 0.27%in 2018.There was no location infection in population or in livestock in the past five years.Conclusion Comprehensive strategies focusing on control of the transmission sources were uninterruptedly implemented in Hefei area from 2016 to 2020,which resulted in schistosomiasis infection in relatively lower scale in history throughout the city,though the risks of local transmission still exist in certain areas.The following efforts should be targeted at those areas by continuously strengthening the surveillance.