农业供给侧结构性改革中发挥市场作用探究

A Study on the Market Function in Agriculture Supply-Side Structural Reform

市场作用是推进农业供给侧结构性改革的主要动能,市场可以实现资源有效配置、解决供需矛盾,还可以提高农业生产率、增加农民收入。目前,制约市场作用发挥的主要因素包括农产品价格补贴、农产品质量问题、农产品传统商业模式、农村土地流转困难、农业新型经营主体发育迟缓等。建议逐步以农产品目标价格政策取代最低收购价和临时收储政策,解决好农产品质量安全问题,发展农产品商业新业态,加快农村土地经营权流转,培育农业新型经营主体。在推进农业供给侧结构性改革中发挥市场作用,还需要处理好政府与市场的关系、国内市场与国际市场的关系、公平与效率的关系、经济增长与生态保护的关系。

The market function is the main kinetic energy to promote the structural reform on the supply side of agriculture.The market can realize the effective allocation of resources,solve the contradiction between supply and demand,improve agricultural productivity and increase farmers’income.At present,the main factors that restrict the market function are as follows:price subsidies on agricultural products,the quality problems of agricultural products,traditional business mode of agricultural products,the difficulty of rural land circulation,and the slow development of new rural business entities,etc.The main countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:gradually replace the minimum purchase price and temporary storage and purchase policy with the target price of agricultural products,solve the quality and safety problems of agricultural products,develop new business forms of agricultural products,speed up the transfer of rural land management rights,and cultivate new rural business entities.What’s more,it is necessary to handle the relationship between the government and the market,between the domestic market and the foreign market,between equity and efficiency,and between economic growth and ecological protection.