高职毕业生返乡创业原因及对策分析

Study on the Causes and Countermeasures of Higher Vocational Graduates’ Returning Hometown and Carving out

乡村振兴战略需要人才,大学生返乡创业既能解决就业问题,又能加快农村建设。高职院校毕业生,是高端技术技能型人才,返乡创业具有一定优势。通过对2017-2019年天津市实地调研资料的整理,利用扎根理论,对一手创业资料进行编码,提炼出4个返乡创业动因的维度,分别为创业感知(源动力)、社会网络关系(支持力)、资源可获性认知(执行力)、创业可持续性认知(持久力),最后提出"职业院校—政府—企业—家庭"循环动力模式,以提高高职毕业生的返乡创业率及其成功率。

The strategy of rural revitalization needs talents,college students’returning hometown can solve the employment problem,and speed up the rural construction.The graduates of higher vocational college are high-end technology skilled talents,their returning hometown and carving out has certain advantages.Through the survey data of Tianjin in 2017-2019,by using the grounded theory,the first-hand data is coded,and four motivation dimensions of returning hometown and carving out are extracted:entrepreneurial awareness,social network relationships,resource availability of cognitive,and business sustainability.Finally the"vocational colleges-the government-enterprise-family"cycle dynamic model is put forward,in order to improve the rate of return of the business and the success rate.