侧倾工况下的非充气轮胎接地特性研究

Study on the Grounding Characteristics of Non-pneumatic Tire Under Roll Condition

利用ABAQUS建立了非充气轮胎有限元模型,充分考虑其橡胶材料的非线性、大挠度变形,并对模型精度进行了验证。研究了不同侧倾角、不同载荷下的轮胎负荷特性和接地特性变化规律。结果表明:非充气轮胎在侧倾工况下存在胎面磨损不均匀、胎肩区域应力集中的现象,随着侧倾角度的增大,最大接地应力增大,但垂向刚度减小。在大侧倾角工况下,胎面中心应力呈现不规律变化。研究结果可为非充气轮胎性能分析和结构设计优化提供参考。

Tire is an important part of the vehicle driving system and the only part for the vehicle to contact the ground.Tire performance has an important impact on the handling stability,trafficability and safety of the whole vehicle.The structural characteristics of traditional pneumatic tires determine that there are potential safety hazards such as puncture or tire blowout in complex driving condition,resulting in reduced vehicle trafficability or loss of mobility,and the spare tire will increase the vehicle load.In recent years,in order to solve the problem of tire blowout,run-flat tires have become one of the important research directions to improve the safety of automobile driving.Compared with normal pneumatic tires,non-pneumatic tires are receiving more and more attention because of their significant advantages such as no maintenance air pressure and low rolling resistance.In the simulation modeling of non-pneumatic tire,firstly,the structural composition and bearing principle were analyzed.Based on the composite structural characteristics of tire rubber materials,a nonlinear finite element model was established,and the accuracy of the model was verified by using the test data of pneumatic tire of the same size.By means of finite element simulation,the vertical stiffness and grounding characteristics of non-pneumatic tires under different roll angle conditions were analyzed,and the contact pressure in the direction of the length and width for the contact area were extracted and the three-dimensional contact pressure distribution characteristics cloud diagram was obtained.The conclusions of the study are as follows:①When the roll angle is constant,the displacement of non-pneumatic tire is positively correlated with the load,but the increase range of displacement is decreasing,that is,the vertical stiffness of non-pneumatic tire is positively correlated with the vertical load;Under the same load,the tire subsidence is positively correlated with the roll angle,so the vertical stiffness of non-pneumatic tire decreases with the increase of roll angle.②Under the rolling condition,the shape of the contact area between the tire and the ground changes from trapezoid to triangle,and the contact area decreases gradually with the increase of the tire roll angle;The uniformity of contact pressure distribution becomes worse,especially the pressure concentration is formed at the shoulder and tread.The greater the roll angle is,the worse the uniformity is.When the roll angle exceeds 10°,the stress on the center of the tread is complex,because the edge area of the non-pneumatic tire in contact with the ground is near the center of the tread.③With the increase of the roll angle,the maximum pressure in the contact area between the tire and the ground gradually increases.When the roll angle is certain,the maximum contact pressure value of non-pneumatic tires is positively correlated with the load.When the roll angle is greater than 8°,the growth of the maximum contact pressure for non-pneumatic tires decreases and tends to be slightly flat,but when overloaded,the growth of the maximum contact pressure increases instead.The results provide a reference for performance analysis and structural design optimization of non-pneumatic tires.