植物镁离子转运及镁胁迫响应机制研究进展

Advances in Mechanisms of Magnesium Transport and Response to Magnesium Stress in Plants

镁离子是植物生长发育所必需的矿质元素,参与植物光合作用、碳水化合物代谢等一系列生理生化反应。缺镁严重影响植物生长发育及作物产量和品质。植物细胞中镁含量过高也会抑制植物生长,导致植株产生镁中毒症状。因此,植物细胞中镁离子动态平衡对于维持植物正常生长发育极其重要。植物细胞中镁离子动态平衡由定位于细胞膜及不同细胞器膜的镁离子转运蛋白介导。迄今为止,有关植物镁离子吸收和转运以及植物响应镁胁迫的分子机制取得了一定进展。本文从镁离子的生理功能、镁离子转运、信号转导等方面阐述植物镁离子转运以及应答镁营养胁迫的研究进展,以期推动植物镁离子转运及镁胁迫机制的研究。

Magnesium(Mg) is abundant in plant cells and plays a critical role in many physiological processes such as enzyme activation and photosynthesis. Plant growth and development are susceptible to Mg deficiency and high Mg stress. Mg absorption by plant roots and Mg transport throughout the plant are mediated by transport proteins including Mg2+ channels and carriers. So far, the uptake and transport mechanisms of Mg as well as the plant response to stress(Mg lacking and poisoning) are made better progress. The present paper covers the recent research development on physiological functions and transport of Mg in plants, plant response to Mg stresses, and the interactions between Mg2+and other ions, with the hope that the related research could be promoted a lot in the future.