不同化学试剂和镉钝化肥料对水稻吸镉影响的研究

Studies on Effects of Different Chemical Reagents and Cadmium Passivation Fertilizers on Cadmium Absorption by Rice

镉(cadmium, Cd)污染水稻田的综合防治对保障粮食品质安全非常重要,但目前生产上的降镉产品对水稻吸收镉的影响缺乏深入研究和系统评价。本研究以9311、湘晚籼12号等7个吸镉能力不同的水稻品种为材料,研究了镉离子亲和度不同的化学试剂和各种镉钝化肥料对水稻吸镉的影响,结果表明:EDTANa2能显著降低水稻幼苗对镉的吸收,土壤调理剂可以降低水稻幼苗对镉的吸收,不同镉钝化肥料都能减少水稻幼苗地上部分对镉的吸收和积累,但对根的影响具有差异;高镉土壤中,土壤调理剂、金无踪和EDTANa2可显著降低水稻各器官的镉含量,而NH4Cl和CH3COONH4导致水稻各器官镉含量增加。该研究结果为降镉相关的技术研究和生产应用提供了理论依据和技术支持。

The comprehensive prevention and control of cadmium(Cd)-contaminated rice fields is exactly significant to ensure food quality and safety. However, there is a lack of in-depth research and systematic evaluation of the influences of Cd-reducing products on Cd absorption by rice. In this study, seven rice varieties with different Cd absorbing abilities, including 9311 and Xiangwanxian12, were used as experimental materials to study the effects of chemical reagents with different Cd ion affinities and various Cd passivation fertilizers on Cd absorption by rice. The results showed that EDTANa2 significantly reduced the absorption of Cd by rice seedlings, and soil conditioners also reduced the absorption. Different Cd passivation fertilizers reduced the absorption and accumulation of Cd in shoots of rice seedlings, but had different effects on the roots. In high-Cd soils, soil conditioners, Jingwuzong and EDTANa2 significantly reduced the Cd contents in various organs of rice, but NH4Cl and CH3COONH4 increased the contents. The experiments may provide theoretical basis and technical support for research and application related to Cd reduction.