缺血性脑卒中恢复期患者家庭主要照顾者准备度影响因素分析

Factors Influencing Readiness of Primary Family Caregivers of Convalescent Ischemic Stroke Patients

目的分析缺血性脑卒中恢复期患者家庭主要照顾者出院准备度的影响因素。方法选取缺血性脑卒中恢复期患者家庭主要照顾者106例。以出院准备度调查问卷(RHDS)评估出院准备度,根据RHDS评分将其分为2组:充分组(RHDS评分>7分)48例、不充分组(RHDS评分≤7分)58例。收集2组一般资料,以Herth希望量表(HHI)评估主要照顾者希望水平,以脑卒中照顾者综合照顾能力调查问卷评估照顾能力,分析主要照顾者出院准备度影响因素及其与希望水平、综合照顾能力的相关性。结果与不充分组比较,充分组HHI评分、综合照顾能力评分显著升高(均P<0.001),主要照顾者HHI评分、综合照顾能力评分与RHDS评分均呈正相关(均P<0.001);多因素分析提示,HHI评分低、综合照顾能力评分低是主要照顾者RHDS评分低的危险因素(P<0.001)。结论缺血性脑卒中恢复期患者家庭主要照顾者出院准备度处于中等偏低水平,其与主要照顾者希望水平、综合照顾能力密切相关,临床应注重提高患者希望水平,通过健康宣教、技能培训能增强主要照顾者能力,以提高出院准备度。

Objective To analyze the factors affecting discharge readiness of primary family caregivers of convalescent ischemic stroke patients.Methods 106 primary family caregivers of convalescent ischemic stroke patients were selected as the subjects.The discharge readiness was evaluated using the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale(RHDS).According to the RHDS scores,the caregivers were divided into adequate group(RHDS score>7,n=48)and inadequate group(RHDS score≤7,n=58).The general data were collected in both groups.The hope level and caring ability of caregivers were respectively assessed with the Herth Hope Index(HHI)and comprehensive caring ability questionnaire to analyze the factors influencing discharge readiness of primary caregivers and their correlations with hope level and comprehensive caring ability.Results The scores of HHI and comprehensive caring ability in the adequate group were higher than those in the inadequate group,and those were positively correlated with the RHDS score(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that low HHI and comprehensive caring ability scores were risk factors for low RHDS score in primary caregivers(P<0.001).Conclusion Primary family caregivers of convalescent ischemic stroke patients have a moderate to low level of discharge readiness,which is closely related to hope level and comprehensive caring ability.Therefore,more attention should be paid to improving the hope level of patients and enhancing the ability of primary caregivers by health education and skill training to improve the discharge readiness.