基于摆动冲击试验的青香蕉碰撞损伤敏感性评估

Evaluation of impact bruise susceptibility for green banana based on pendulum impact test

【目的】评估一束适收期青香蕉果穗内梳层节点、节点嵌套的内外排层、果指表面区域和冲击水平对果实碰撞损伤敏感性的影响,为后续生产处理环节中确保果指质量的针对性防护提供参考。【方法】嵌套、单因素和正交试验设计结合单因素及多因素方差分析,确定显著影响果实碰撞损伤敏感性的因素及主次关系。设计和搭建摆动冲击试验台,开展果实的碰撞损伤试验。通过测量碰撞部位的损伤体积和吸收能量,计算果实的碰撞损伤敏感性(单位吸收能量下的损伤体积)。【结果】嵌套试验结果表明:梳层节点对损伤敏感性无显著影响;节点嵌套的排层对其影响极显著;根据多重比较分析结果节点嵌套排层的14个水平可分为4组。单因素试验结果表明:果指表面区域对损伤敏感性的影响极显著,近果顶端>果指中部>近果柄端;损伤敏感性随冲击水平的提高而显著增加。正交试验结果表明:影响果实碰撞损伤敏感性各因素的主次顺序为冲击水平>生长位置>果指表面区域。【结论】一束香蕉梳层节点嵌套的内外排层及果指表面不同区域的碰撞损伤敏感性具有统计意义上的差异。

【Objective】This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of nodes within a green banana bunch harvested in suitable period,inner and outer row layers nested in nodes,fruit finger surface area and impact level on fruit impact bruise susceptibility,providing references for targeted protection to ensure fruit finger quality in subsequent production and handling processes.【Method】Nested,one-way and orthogonal experimental designs were combined with one-way and multi-way ANOVAs to determine the factors and primary-secondary relationship that significantly affect the bruise susceptibility of fruits.A pendulum impact bench was designed and constructed to carry out the impact damage test on fruits.The bruise susceptibility(bruise volume per unit absorbed energy)of fruits was calculated based on measuring bruise volume and corresponding absorbed energy.【Result】The results of the nested test showed that the nodes within a banana bunch had no significant effect on the bruise susceptibility while the row layer nested in nodes had an extremely significant effect.The 14 levels of the row layers nested in nodes could be divided into four groups according to the results of multiple comparisons analysis.The results of the one-way test showed that fruit finger surface area had highly significant effect on the bruise susceptibility which was in order of near fruit apex>fruit middle>near fruit pedicel.The bruise susceptibility increased with the increase of impact level.The results of the orthogonal test showed that the order of the factors affecting fruit bruise susceptibility was impact level>growth location>fruit finger surface area.【Conclusion】The impact bruise susceptibilities were significantly different between inner and outer row layers nested in nodes within a banana bunch,and among different fruit finger surface areas.