名士之殇:论祢衡孔融杨修被杀的深层原因

On the Deep Reason for the killing of Mi Heng,Kong Rong and Yang Xiu

名士祢衡、孔融、杨修被杀,往往被认为是曹操忌贤滥杀的典型。其实,三人之死既与“刻情修容,依倚道艺”且不能“通物方,弘时务”的名士痼疾有关,更与三人的主体认知偏差、人格心理缺陷有关。祢衡狂悖,不识世道人心,成为矫世佯狂的个性牺牲品;孔融迂执,不明时势变化,成为依附皇权的政治牺牲品;杨修不敏,不能慎言谨行,成为太子之争的权力牺牲品。三人游走于权力刀锋之上,渴望最大限度地攫取政治利益,结果却成为强权政治的屈死冤魂,他们自己也可能不明白因何而死,但历史却都给出了必死的理由。当然,不得不承认,名士被杀也的确暴露了作为封建统治者曹操狰狞残忍的一面。

The celebrities,such as Mi Heng,Kong Rong,Yang Xiu,were killed,which is always regarded as the typical example of Cao Cao’envy of the wise and murder of the innocent.In fact,the death of the three celebrities is not only related to their obstinacy of“dependence on traditional moral culture to decorate oneself and can't understand and involve current affairs”,but also related to their subjective cognitive bias,personality and psychological defects.Mi Heng,who was presumptuous and couldn’t recognize the current states,became the victims of his personality;Kong Rong was stubborn and couldn’t recognize the current affairs,who became the political victim attached to imperial power;Yang Xiu was not clever and could not be cautious about his words and deeds,who became a victim of the prince's struggle for power.The three people swam on the edge of power,eager to seize political interests to the maximum extent,which turned out to be the aggrieved and wronged ghost of power politics.They themselves may not understand the reason of their death,but the history gives it.Of course,it must be admitted that the killing of the celebrities actually expose the ferocious and cruel side of Cao Cao as a feudal ruler.