富平李道坚墓壁画保护与研究

Conservation and Study of the Mural Paintings in Li Daojian’s Tomb in Fuping County,Shaanxi Province

为配合李道坚墓葬的考古发掘,工作者在考古发掘现场对墓葬壁画进行了环境监测与控制,全面提取信息,保护性揭取,并对揭取回实验室的壁画开展了及时的保护与研究。调查研究结果表明,壁画制作工艺精良,白灰层中发现了麻纤维,为典型的唐墓壁画制作工艺,壁画颜料主要为矿物颜料,壁画颜色略有变化,饱和度降低,紫外荧光下发现了侍女服饰褪色的染料。李道坚墓葬壁画保护过程中积极衔接考古现场与实验室保护,研究贯穿每一个环节,使壁画得以科学修复,价值得以深入挖掘。本工作的开展为同类墓葬壁画保护提供了技术支持和研究方法。

In order to cooperate with the excavation of Li Daojian’s tomb,environmental monitoring and controlling,information extraction and protective detachment were carried out on site,and timely protection and research were carried out after the murals transported to the laboratory.The investigation illustrates the highly sophisticated technology used in the production of the murals.Hemp fibers were found in the whitish lime plaster layer.The application of this hemp-fiber layer was a typical technique used in the production of Tang-Dynasty murals.The colouring pigments used include mostly mineral materials.The colours of the murals change slightly with a reduction in hue.The fading dyeing pigments used to paint the cloth of the lady-in-waiting were detected in UVF(ultraviolet fluorescence).In the conservation practice of the murals inside Li Daojian’s tomb,every procedure was closely connected with on-site excavation and laboratory conservation.Research into the murals was exercised in every step,which allowed a scientific restoration of the murals and deeper appreciation of their values.This work provides technical support and useful research methods for the conservation of similar murals discovered in tombs.