遗传改造乳酸链球菌合成Nisin的研究进展

The Strategy of Genetic Engineering Lactococcus lactis to Produce Nisin

Nisin是一种由乳酸链球菌产生的细菌素,因其对李斯特氏菌、梭状芽胞杆菌、葡萄球菌等有抗菌作用且对人安全,已被美国食品药品监管局(Food Drug Administration,FDA)批准用作食品添加剂。然而野生型乳酸链球菌Nisin产量低,生产成本高,是限制其推广应用的重要因素。近年来,通过对Nisin生产菌株的基因改造和发酵工艺优化,其产量得到了显著提高,但仍无法满足人们对Nisin日益增长的需要。本文综述了Nisin的生物合成途径、近几年改造乳酸链球菌生产Nisin取得的成果和面临的问题。

Nisin is a bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis that has been approved by the Food Drug Administration for use as a GRAS status food additive because of its antibacterial activity against Listeria,Clostridium,Staphylococcus and Bacillus species.However,the low Nisin production of the wild-type Lactococcus lactis and the high production cost of Nisin are important factors restricting its widespread application.In recent years,the production of Nisin has been significantly improved through genetic modifications and fermentation process optimization,but it still cannot solve the growing demand for Nisin.In this article,the biosynthesis process of Nisin along with achievements and problems of engineering Lactococcus lactis to produce Nisin was reviewed.