“十四五”时期推进中国贸易高质量发展的问题与对策

The Problems China Faces in Promoting High-Quality Trade Development During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period and Countermeasures

提升发展质量和效益,推动高质量发展是"十四五"规划的主题。党的十八大以来,我国在优化贸易结构、增强外贸综合竞争力、打造贸易发展新动能、构建开放型经济新体制等方面成效显著,但也存在高技术产品出口对国外中间产品、技术和服务过度依赖,各类市场主体活力未得到有效发挥,改革开放步伐滞后于新业态发展,贸易数字化潜力亟待释放,贸易安全制度有待进一步完善,贸易对可持续发展的影响有待加强等问题。"十四五"时期推进中国贸易高质量发展,应进一步深化改革,实行高水平开放,发展高新技术、高附加价值产业和现代服务业;提升贸易数字化水平;大力发展绿色贸易,推动可持续发展;完善国家贸易安全体系;加快推进高标准自贸区网络建设,积极参与全球经济治理。

Promoting high quality development is a major theme of the 14 th Five Year Plan.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China has scored remarkable achievements in optimizing the trade structure,cultivating new competition advantages in foreign trade,creating new momentum for trade development,and building new institutions for the open economy.But there are also various problems:high-tech product exports rely excessively on foreign intermediate products,technologies and services;the vitality of various market players has not been effectively brought into play;the reform and opening up is lagging behind the development of new business forms;the potential of trade digitalization urgently needs to be released;the trade security system needs to be further improved;and the impact of trade on sustainable development needs to be strengthened.In order to promote the high-quality trade development during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period,we should continue reform,open up at a higher level,and develop high-tech,high value-added industries and modern service industries.We should promote trade digitalization and develop digital trade.Vigorous efforts should be made to develop green trade and promote sustainable development.We should also improve the national trade security system,accelerate to build a high-standard network of free trade zones,and actively participate in global economic governance.