金融普惠、数字化转型与农村商业银行的盈利能力

Financial Inclusion, Digital Transformation and Profitability of Rural Commercial Banks

基于江苏43家农村商业银行2015—2018年的面板数据,选取普惠金融渗透度、普惠金融业务开展情况、普惠金融服务质量3个维度14个指标,从机构层面建立普惠金融指数,实证检验农村商业银行发展普惠金融对其盈利能力的影响及作用机制,并在此基础上探讨数字化转型对此影响的调节作用。研究结果显示,金融普惠与农村商业银行盈利目标之间仍存在矛盾,这是由于普惠金融发展增加经营成本从而对机构盈利能力产生负向影响;但农村商业银行的数字化转型能够有效缓解这种负向作用,平衡金融普惠与银行盈利的关系。最后提出持续推进农村普惠金融发展,加快农商行数字化转型,支持乡村振兴战略实施的对策建议。

Based on the panel data of 43 Jiangsu rural commercial banks from 2015 to 2018,this paper selects 14 indexes from three dimensions including inclusive finance permeability,business implementation and service quality,establishes an inclusive finance index from the institutional level,empirically tests how the promotion of inclusive finance affects the profitability of banks and the influence mechanism.On this basis,this paper discusses the moderating effect of digital transformation.The research results show that there is still a contradiction between financial inclusion and the profitability target of rural commercial banks,because the development of financial inclusion increases operating costs,which has a negative impact on the profitability of institutions.However,the digital transformation of rural commercial banks can effectively alleviate this negative effect and balance the relationship between financial inclusion and bank profitability.Finally,it puts forward suggestions to continuously promote the rural inclusive finance development,accelerate the digital transformation of rural commercial banks,and support the implementation of rural revitalization strategy.