时间延缓效应在不同种类时钟中的体现

Time Dilation of Relativity in Different Clocks

讨论了广义相对论描述的强引力场中的时间延缓效应是否可用任何类型的时钟验证的问题.通过论证得出结论:引力场中的时钟的快慢取决于时钟自身的工作原理,并非时间变快或者变慢所致.单摆钟在强引力场中所测时间变快,是由于强引力使单摆摆动的物理过程加快,非时间变快所致;同理,原子钟在强引力场中所测时间变慢,是由于强引力使原子能级发生变化,从而导致原子辐射的物理过程变慢,亦非时间变慢所致.最后,探讨了时钟与时间的本质问题.

Discuss whether time dilation effect in strong gravitational field can be verified by any types of clocks.Arguing that the ticking rate of a clock in gravitational field depends on the working principle of the clock itself,not because time becomes faster or slower.By making a comparison between the dynamics of pendulum clocks and atomic clocks,we show that time measured by an atomic clock becomes slower is because stronger gravity slows down the physical process of atomic radiation,not because time becomes slower.Finally,the article discusses the nature of clock and time.