饮食疗法干预糖尿病的研究进展

Research progress in the diet therapy of diabetes mellitus

饮食与健康关系密切,通过饮食疗法防治糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)前景良好。既往许多大型临床研究证实,饮食干预可预防甚至逆转DM的进展。基础研究亦探索了饮食疗法改善DM的相关机制。限食疗法、饮食结构调整、进餐顺序调整都可达到改善血糖的目的。探究饮食结构与DM相关血管病变间的联系,基于饮食和营养靶向菌群以防治DM亦具有较大潜力。同时,中草药作为膳食补充剂应用于临床,仍需更多临床证据支持。本文将针对既往饮食疗法干预DM的研究作一综述,以期为临床诊治DM提供参考。

Diet is closely related to health,and diet therapy is good for diabetes mellitus(DM).Many large clinical studies have confirmed that dietary intervention can prevent or even reverse the progress of DM.The basic research also explored the mechanism of diet therapy to improve DM.Food restriction therapy,dietary structure adjustment and meal sequence adjustment can achieve the purpose of improving blood glucose.It also has great potential to explore the relationship between dietary structure and DM related vascular diseases,and target flora based on diet and nutrition to prevent and treat DM.At the same time,the clinical application of Chinese herbal medicine as a dietary supplement still needs more clinical evidence.This paper reviewed the previous research on diet therapy intervention in DM,in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of DM.