药物基因组学在精准医学和新药研发中的作用

The role of pharmacogenomics in precision medicine and new drug development

药物基因组学是一门研究人类基因组信息与药物反应之间关系的学科,旨在解决不同个体之间药物的安全性和有效性问题。药物基因组学在精准医学领域中有着重要的临床意义,主要体现在精准选择药物及其剂量、靶向治疗、预测药物安全性和预防药物毒副作用三个方面。药物基因组学在新药研发中也发挥了巨大优势,参与新药发现、新药开发以至上市后的监测全过程,能够加速新药的发现、增加新药的通过率、重新评估未通过药审的新药、减少参试人群数量等,大大节约新药研发的时间成本和资金成本。

Pharmacogenomics is a subject that studies the relationship between human genome information and drug response.It aims to solve the problem of drug safety and effectiveness among different individuals.Pharmacogenomics has important clinical significance in the field of precision medicine,which is mainly reflected in three aspects:accurate selection of drugs and their doses,targeted therapy,prediction of drug safety and prevention of drug toxic and side effects.Pharmacogenomics also plays a great advantage in new drug development,participates in the whole process of new drug discovery,drug development and even drug monitoring after marketing,accelerates the discovery of new drugs,increases the pass rate of new drugs,reassesses the new drugs which fail to pass the drug approval,and reduces the number of participants.In short,pharmacogenomics can greatly save time cost and capital cost.