基于动态共价化学的可降解环氧树脂复合材料

Review on degradable epoxy resins based on dynamic covalent chemistry

先进环氧树脂基复合材料具有密度低、强度大、耐热和耐冲击等特点,已被广泛应用于航空航天、武器装备等领域。然而,具有三维网状交联结构的环氧树脂因不熔、不溶的特性而难以降解回收,造成环境污染和复合材料中昂贵的高性能纤维的损失。基于此,动态共价化学成为可降解热固性树脂设计与制备的优选方案之一。文章综述了基于Schiff碱键、六氢三嗪键、缩醛结构、D-A加成反应、二硫键等可降解环氧树脂的降解机理、制备方法、性能特征和应用发展,对可降解环氧树脂复合材料的国内外研究现状进行了梳理,并对该新兴热点领域的发展进行了展望。

Matrix composites based on advanced epoxy resins have excellent properties, such as low density,high strength, high temperature resistance and impact resistance, and are widely used in aerospace, weapon equipment and wind energy industry. However, epoxy resins with three-dimensional cross-linked network structures are insoluble and difficult to be reprocessed and reused, which causes environmental pollution, and loss of expensive high-performance fibers in composite materials. Dynamic covalent chemistry becomes one of the preferred schemes for the design and preparation of degradable thermosetting resins. In this paper,degradation mechanism, preparation methods, performance characteristics and application development of degradable epoxy resins based on Schiff bond, hexahydro-triazine bond, acetal/ketal bond, D-A addition reaction, disulfide bond are systematically illustrated. Research status of degradable epoxy resin composites is described and the prospects are discussed.