蒽烷基化和烷基转移合成2-戊基蒽工艺研究

Synthesis of 2-pentylanthracene by alkylation and transalkylation of anthracene

2-戊基蒽是氧化法合成2-戊基蒽醌工艺的关键原料。以蒽和叔戊醇为原料经Friedel-Crafts烷基化合成了2-戊基蒽,由核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)表征其结构,并考察催化剂、溶剂、反应物的量比、温度和时间对反应的影响。以烷基化的主要副产物二戊基蒽为原料,经烷基转移反应合成了2-戊基蒽,考察了催化剂、溶剂、温度、时间和反应物的量比对反应的影响。结果表明,AlCl3在烷基化和烷基转移反应中均具有良好的低温催化活性。在最佳烷基化反应条件下,蒽的转化率为92.8%,2-戊基蒽的收率为76.3%;在最佳烷基转移反应条件下,二戊基蒽的转化率为85.0%,2-戊基蒽的收率为68.9%。

2-Pentylanthracene is the key raw material for the synthesis of 2-pentylanthraquinone by oxidation.2-Pentylanthracene was synthesized by Friedel-Crafts alkylation using anthracene and tert-amyl alcohol as raw materials, and its structure was confirmed by 1 H-NMR. Effects of catalyst, solvent, molar ratio of reactants,temperature and time on alkylation were investigated. 2-pentylanthracene was synthesized by transalkylation reaction using dipentylanthracene(main by-product of alkylation). Effects of catalyst, solvent, temperature, time and molar ratio of reactants on the transalkylation were investigated. The results show that AlCl3 has good low-temperature catalytic activity in alkylation and transalkylation. Under the optimum conditions of alkylation,the conversion of anthracene is 92.8%, and the yield of 2-pentylanthracene is 76.3%. Under the optimum conditions of transalkylation, the conversion of dipentylanthracene is 85.0%, and the yield of 2-pentylanthracene is 68.9%.