星载对地观测光子计数激光雷达去噪方法浅析

Discussion on Denoising Method of Photon Counting LiDAR for Satellite Ground Observation

光子计数激光雷达因多波束、低耗能、高重频、测量灵敏度高等优点在新一代天基激光雷达中有着不可估量的发展潜力。然而光子计数激光雷达发射的弱光子信号容易与太阳、大气等引起的背景噪声混叠难以区分,严重影响激光数据处理与应用。文章基于光子数据几何特性,从二维剖面映射中的背景去噪与二维图像背景去噪、单级滤波和多级滤波等多个维度,对现有光子计数激光雷达去噪方法进行了归纳和总结,分析和对比了几类方法的优缺点,并指出了未来国产星载单光子计数激光雷达测高数据预处理的主要发展方向为多级滤波去噪。

Photon counting LiDAR has many advantages, such as multi beam, low energy consumption,high repetition rate and measurement sensitivity. It has an immeasurable development potential in the new generation of space-based LiDAR. However, the weak photon signal emitted by photon counting LiDAR is easy to be confused with the background noise caused by the sun and atmosphere, which seriously affects the laser data processing and application. Based on the geometric characteristics of photon data, this paper summarizes the existing denoising methods of photon counting LiDAR from the dimensions of background denoising, two-dimensional image background denoising, single-stage filtering and multi-level filtering in 2 D profile mapping, analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and points out the main development direction of the future domestic spaceborne single photon counting LiDAR altimetry data preprocessing is multi-level filtering strategy denoising.