秦皇岛市一起野生蘑菇中毒事件的调查和确证

Investigation and confirmation of a case of wild mushroom poisoning in Qinhuangdao City

目的调查分析秦皇岛市一起食用野生蘑菇中毒事件,鉴定毒蘑菇种类,总结调查处置经验,提出防控措施,为野生蘑菇中毒患者的救治和预防提供借鉴。方法运用现场流行病学调查、形态学鉴定和蘑菇毒素检测方法对中毒事件进行综合判断分析。结果秦皇岛市4名村民食用自采野生蘑菇后全部出现恶心、腹痛、腹泻、多汗、寒颤等症状。在医院接受催吐、洗胃、给予阿托品及其他对症治疗,患者预后良好。经形态学鉴定和毒素检测后判定为一起由食用丝盖伞属蘑菇引起的食物中毒。结论这是河北省首次报道由丝盖伞属蘑菇引起的中毒事件,中毒原因系受网络误导,食品安全防范意识差导致的误食。因此应加强食品安全宣传教育,提升民众防范意识,预防采食野生蘑菇中毒。

Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a wild mushroom poisoning event in Qinhuangdao City,identify the species of poisonous mushroom,summarize the experience of investigation and treatment,and put forward prevention and control measures,and provide reference for the treatment and prevention of wild mushroom poisoning patients.Methods The poisoning events were analyzed by using the method of epidemiological investigation,morphological identification and mushroom toxin detection.Results Four villagers in Qinhuangdao city had nausea,abdominal pain,diarrhea,sweating and shivering after eating wild mushrooms.Patients were treated with vomiting,gastric lavage,atropine and other symptomatic treatment in the hospital,and the prognosis of the patients was good.After morphological identification and toxin detection,it was determined that food poisoning caused by mushroom of inocybe.Conclusion This is the first reported poisoning event caused by mushroom of inocybe in Hebei Province.The reason of poisoning was misguided by the Internet and poor self-awareness of food safety.Therefore,publicity and education should be strengthened,enhancing the awareness to prevent the poisoning of wild mushroom.