语料库驱动的“左右”空间隐喻多维研究

Study on“Left and Right”Spatial Metaphor by the Corpus-driven Approach

空间隐喻普遍存在于语言和思维中。用语料库驱动的方法可以对"左右"空间隐喻进行科学而有效的共时和历时两个维度的深入研究。对语料的共时研究发现:在认知体系中人们经常用"左右"空间概念映射数量、频次、时间、对立关系等非空间概念。空间概念和非空间概念之间的映射形成"左右"空间隐喻的深层思维结构,与其对应的还有表层语言结构。"左右"空间隐喻的生成机制可以通过概念整合理论和神经元理论得到较为全面的解释。对语料的历时研究发现:"左右"空间隐喻映射特征的历时变化可以显示出,从20世纪到21世纪人们思维模式由单一僵化转变为多元开放的过程。

"Left and Right"spatial metaphors are pervasive in everyday life,not only in language,but also in thought.It is advisable to conduct a synchronic and diachronic study on"left and right"spatial metaphor by the corpus-driven approach.The new insight from a synchronic study is that in human cognitive system"left and right"spatial concepts are usually used to map abstract concepts such as quantity,frequency,time,opposite relationship etc.The mapping between spatial concepts of source domain and abstract concepts of target domain forms the inner conceptual structure of"left and right"metaphor,which corresponds to outer linguistic expressions.The new insight from a diachronic study is that the track of"left and right"metaphor mapping can reflect the transition of people’s thinking modes from the monotony in 20^(th) century to the diversity in the 21^(st) century.