清代凤山县旧城妈祖庙的创建与演变——以方志与碑记为中心的考察

The Establishment and Evolution of Mazu Temple in the Old City of Fengshan County in Qing Dynasty-A survey centered on local chronicles and steles

清代台湾凤山县建城之前,在龟山上即有一间妈祖庙。本文透过方志与碑记的考察,发现该庙乃清初来台的临济宗僧人茂义所募建,且依附在一佛寺之后。后因妈祖被列入祀典,地方官员通过核拨庙产的方式,賦予该庙官祀性质,并在方志中出现官方建造的说法。不过,该庙始终由僧人经营管理,也是地方重要的信仰中心,士绅捐献丰厚的庙产及协助重修。从该庙的创建与演变历程,亦可看见官祀与民祀的转化、佛教与民间信仰的交融。

Before Fengshan County was founded in the Qing Dynasty,there was a Mazu Temple on Guishan Mountain.Through the investigation of local chronicles and steles,this article found that the temple was built by Mao Yi,a monk of the Linji Sect of Buddhism who came to Taiwan in the early Qing Dynasty,and was attached to a Buddhist temple.Later,because Mazu was included in the ceremonial ceremony,local officials granted the temple the nature of official worship by appropriating the templet property,and the official statement appeared in the local chronicles.However,the temple was always managed by monks,and it was also an important religious center in the region.Gentry donated generous temple property and assisted in reconstruction.From the establishment and evolution of the temple,one can also see the transformation of official worship and civil worship,and the blending of Buddhism and folk beliefs.