二战后日韩历史和解程度解析

The Extent of the Historical Reconciliation between Japan and the ROK after WWⅡ

日韩两国的邦交正常化谈判历时长达14年。两国建交以后,历史问题亦是日韩双边关系波动的一大诱因。根据唐世平对两个国家和平与和解程度衡量的四个基本标准,即共同的(历史)叙事、加害国是否否认过去的罪行、加害国是否对过去罪行忏悔(道歉和补偿)以及受害国是否宽恕(加害国),对日本与韩国的"和解"程度进行分析和考察后可以发现,日本与韩国的"和解"仍然处于非常脆弱的、不稳固的"浅和解"状态。虽然日韩在历史问题(尤其是"慰安妇"问题)上一直存在政府层面的对话和民间团体的交流,但是两国很难达成一劳永逸的和解协议。日韩两国需要正视历史和解的复杂性和长期性,共同探寻促进历史和解的方案。

The tortuous negotiating process of the Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea lasted for 14 years.Then the historical issues led to frequent fluctuations of bilateral relations.There are four basic rules of measurement for the two countries,which had ever militarily conflicted,going to peace and reconciliation:the common(historical)narratives,denial of past wrongs by perpetrators,contrition(apologies and reparations)by perpetrators,and forgiveness from victims.Based on these four aspects,there has been exchanges and dialogues between Japan and ROK both on the levels of civil society and the government on the historical issues(especially the Comfort Women Issue),but the basis of the historical reconciliation between the two remains unstable.It will be still a long way to go for the Japan-ROK historical reconciliation,and there has no settlements once for all.Japan and ROK must face up to the truth of history,pass on to the descendants without distortion and falsification,and jointly explore the justice of history in order to fully reach reconciliation.