明成化年间朝鲜之“成化别贡”再考

Re-discussion on the“Other Tributes during the Reign of Chenghua”between Ming Dynasty and Joseon Dynasty

"成化别贡"始于韩氏家族与宫人韩氏之间的私献,之后于1481年被定为恒贡,其贡品数目数倍于常贡。朝鲜一直摸索减免别贡之策,却因未能正确把握局势而收效甚微。"成化别贡"直到明宪宗驾崩才告一段落。可以说,这其中牵扯多方势力,展现了一场错综复杂的政治角力。而除了"韩氏族亲—宫人韩氏—郑同"所联结而成的权力网络之外,明宪宗、韩明浍、成宗国王等人在当中所扮演的角色同样不应忽视。

The"other tributes during the reign of Chenghua"(成化别贡),which began with the personal gifts from Han’s family to madam Han as the concubine of the Xuanzong Emperor of Ming Dynasty,was designated as a constant tribute from Joseon Dynasty to Ming Dynasty in 1481.And the number of the articles was several multiples of the tribute(常贡).Therefore,Joseon Dynasty kept seeking the countermeasures to reduce the"other tributes".However,little effect has been achieved due to the incorrect grasp of the situation.The"other tributes"didn’t come to an end until the death of the Xianzong Emperor of Ming Dynasty,showing a complex political wrestling between Ming Dynasty and Joseon Dynasty.Here,not only the power network formed by Han’s family and madam Han and Ming’s eunuch Zhengtong(郑同),the roles played by the Xianzong Emperor of Ming Dynasty and Joseon’s minister Han Minghui(韩明浍)and the Chengzong King of Joseon Dynasty also cannot be ignored.