硅气凝胶改性TDI三聚体/MDI型PUE阻尼材料研究

Silicon Aerogel Modified TDI Trimer/MDI Type Polyurethane Elastomer Damping Material

以聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)、4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)三聚体、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)等为原料,采用预聚法制备了不同硬段含量的TDI三聚体/MDI型聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)阻尼材料,并用二氧化硅气凝胶对阻尼性能较好的配方进行改性。通过傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、动态力学分析(DMA)和热失重分析(TGA)等对材料的组成、阻尼性能和热稳定性等进行分析。结果表明:硬段质量分数为62%,添加硅气凝胶质量分数5%时,PUE的阻尼性能最佳,最大损耗因子达1.4,有效阻尼(tanδ≥0.3)温域为-18~90℃;添加气凝胶质量分数2.5%时,材料的阻尼性能、耐热性能和力学性能均可得到改善。

A series of polyurethane elastomer(PUE)were synthesized by prepolymerization method with polytetrahydrofuran ether diol(PTMG),4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI),2,4-toluene diisocyanate(TDI)trimer and 1,4-butanediol(BDO).Silica aerogel was used to modify the formula to improve the comprehensive properties.The PUE were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR,dynamic mechanics(DMA),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)to investigate the compositions,damping properties,thermostabilities and mechanical properties.The results showed that,when the mass fraction of hard segment was 62%and aerogel mass fraction was 5%,the damping performance of PUE was the best,the maximum loss factor was up to 1.4,the effective damping(tanδ≥0.3)temperature range was from-18 to 90℃.When the aerogel mass fraction was 2.5%,the damping,heat resistance and mechanical properties of the material could be improved.