软物质力学行为在含蜡原油流变研究中的借鉴

Reference on mechanical behavior of soft matter for rheological research of waxy crude oil

软物质是介于理想固体与理想液体之间的物质。胶凝含蜡原油表现出软物质特有的复杂力学行为。借鉴软物质流变特性的研究手段,是拓展含蜡原油流变行为研究的有效途径。结合含蜡原油流变特性,介绍了软物质所特有的力学特征;从屈服应力的概念、测量、屈服应变问题以及宏观流动之前黏弹性响应等方面,系统论述了目前屈服特性研究存在的争议;分析了加载后黏弹-屈服转变过程中的流变行为;鉴于流变测量是探测软物质复杂结构特性的主要方法,阐述了软物质流变行为的主要研究手段,包括稳态剪切、蠕变以及大振幅振荡剪切等,并总结了相应的数据分析方法,以期为含蜡原油流变行为的深化研究提供指导。(图9,参83)

Soft matter is something between the ideal solid and liquid.For the gelled waxy crude oil has the specific and complicated mechanical behavior of the soft matters,learning from the rheological research methods for soft matters is an efficient approach to further investigate the rheological behaviors of waxy crude oil.Herein,the specific mechanical behavior of soft matters was introduced with reference to the rheological behaviors of the waxy crude oils.The controversies in present studies for the yielding behaviors were systematically demonstrated in terms of the concept of yield stress,its measurement,the matter of yield strain,and the viscoelastic response prior to macroflow arising.The rheological behavior during the viscoelasticity-to-yielding transition process after loading was also analyzed.In addition,considering that the rheological measurement is the main means to investigate the complicated structural characteristics of the soft matters,the main research methods of the rheological behaviors of soft matters were illustrated,including the steady shear,creep and large amplitude oscillatory shear,and the appropriate data analysis methods were also summarized,further providing guidance to the in-depth study of the rheological behavior of the waxy crude oil.(9 Figures,83 References)