典型大学基层学术组织的演变及启示

Evolution and Enlightenment of Basic Academic Organizations in Representative Universities

大学基层学术组织发展状况直接关系着大学发展的成败。在大学基层学术组织的发展过程中,德国讲座制、美国学系制、俄罗斯教研室制、日本筑波模式是不同历史时期基层学术组织模式的典范。通过对这些典型大学基层学术组织演变的经验进行梳理,得出有利于大学基层学术组织改革与建设的启示:顺应时代要求是基层学术组织成长与发展的关键;教学与科研相长融合是发挥基层学术组织功能的基础;不断变革是基层学术组织自我完善与发展的根本途径;坚持开放是基层学术组织保持活力的源泉。

The development of basic academic organizations in universities is directly related to the success or failure of the universities development.German lecture system,American academic department system,Russian teaching and research department system,and Japanese Tsukuba model are examples of basic academic organization models that emerged in different historical periods.A review of the evolution experience of these basic academic organizations in representative universities tells that,to reform and construct basic academic organizations in universities,first,conforming to the requirements of the times is the key to its growth and development;second,the integration of teaching and scientific research is the basis for its function;third,continuous reform is the fundamental way for self-improvement and development;and last,adherence to openness is its source of vitality.