新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间家庭医生职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on occupational burnout status quo and influencing factors of family doctors during epidemic period of COVID-19

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情期间上海市金山区家庭医生职业倦怠状况及影响因素,为进一步优化重大公共卫生事件中家庭医生工作机制提供依据。方法采用普查法,于2020年3月9—20日以上海市金山区所有11家社区卫生服务中心的所有家庭医生为对象,共183例;采用修订版马斯勒职业倦怠调查普适量表(Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey, MBI-GS)调查纳入对象的职业倦怠现状,采用多因素Logistic回归分析其职业倦怠的影响因素。结果共发放问卷183份,回收有效问卷159份,问卷有效率为86.89%。新冠肺炎期间家庭医生职业倦怠阳性率为67.30%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.820,P>0.05)。其中以轻中度为主,占职业倦怠总数的86.92%,多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,性别和对心理关怀满意情况是新冠肺炎期间家庭医生职业倦怠的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情期间,家庭医生职业倦怠阳性检出率与非疫情期间相当,但仍然较高。职业倦怠主要影响因素为性别和心理关怀,建议疫情后期对于女性家庭医生给予更多的心理辅导和人文关怀。

Objective To understand occupational burnout status quo and influencing factors of family doctors in Jinshan District, Shanghai during the epidemic period of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),and to provide the basis for further optimizing the working mechanism of family doctors in major public health events.Methods The census method was used to select 183 family doctors from 11 community health service centers in Jinshan District, Shanghai during March 9 to 20,2020;revised Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey(MBI-GS) was used to investigate the status quo of occupational burnouts, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of their occupational burnouts.Results A total of 183 questionnaires were distributed, 159 valid questionnaires with an effective rate of 86.89% were recovered.The positive rate of occupational burnout in family doctors was 67.30% during the epidemic period of COVID-19,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.820,P>0.05).The most cases were mild and moderate occupational burnouts, accounting for 86.92% of the total occupational burnout, multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the gender and satisfaction with psychological care were influencing factors of family doctors occupational burnouts during the epidemic period of COVID-19(P<0.05).Conclusion The positive rate of occupational burnout in family doctors during the epidemic period of COVID-19 is similar to that in non epidemic period, and the rate remains to be at high level, major influencing factors of occupational burnouts are gender and psychological care, more psychological guidance and humanistic care are advised to be presented to female family doctors in the later stage of the epidemic.