基于相似理论的掘进机主动激振截割性能研究

Research on active excitation cutting performance of roadheader based on similarity theory

针对目前煤矿井下掘进机截割时关键零部件易损坏及截割性能不佳,但难以在实验室内进行相关研究的问题,以EBZ160掘进机为原型,基于相似理论制造了实验样机,并提出一种主动激振截割方式。首先,基于掘进机实验样机的工作原理和动力学理论,利用ANSYS Workbench软件对实验样机进行模态仿真分析,并基于力锤法进行了模态试验,得到了空载状态下实验样机的前6阶固有频率与模态振型。然后,以截割比能耗为评价指标,对有无主动激振截割方式下掘进机实验样机的截割性能进行研究。结果表明,掘进机实验样机前6阶固有频率的仿真值与试验值的最大相对误差为9.92%,验证了模态仿真分析结果的准确性,可为后续激振频率的选取提供依据;无主动激振时掘进机实验样机的截割比能耗为0.077 6 kW·h/m^(3),有主动激振时为0.051 2 kW·h/m^(3),说明所提出的主动激振截割方式的性能较好。研究结果为掘进机截割方式的拓展提供了新方向,并为掘进机的结构优化及截割效率提升提供了实验依据。

Aiming at the problem that the key components of the roadheader under the coal mine are easily damaged and its cutting performance is poor during cutting, but it is difficult to carry out related research in the laboratory, taking the EBZ160 roadheader as the prototype, an experimental prototype was manufactured based on the similarity theory, and an active vibration cutting method was proposed.Firstly, based on the working principle and dynamics theory of the roadheader experimental prototype,the modal simulation analysis for the experimental prototype was carried out by using the ANSYS Workbench software, and the modal test was carried out based on the hammer method. The first six natural frequencies and modal shapes of the experimental prototype under the no-load state were obtained. Then, taking the cutting specific energy consumption as the evaluation index, the cutting performance of the roadheader experimental prototype under the cutting mode with or without active excitation was studied. The results showed that the maximum relative error between the simulated value and the test value of the first six natural frequencies of the roadheader experimental prototype was 9.92%, which verified the accuracy of the modal simulation analysis results and could provide a basis for the selection of subsequent excitation frequency;the cutting specific energy consumption of the roadheader experimental prototype without and with active excitation was 0.077 6 kW·h/m^(3) and 0.051 2 kW·h/m^(3), respectively, which indicated that the performance of the proposed active excitation cutting method was relatively good. The research results provide a new direction for the expansion of roadheader cutting methods, and provide an experimental basis for the structure optimization and cutting efficiency improvement of the roadheader.