鸡传染性支气管炎的免疫防控研究进展

Progress on Diversity and Immune Control of Infectious Bronchitis in Chickens

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒是一种单股正链RNA病毒,病毒基因组易于变异,病毒对于鸡群具有高度致病性和极强的传播性。近年来的研究表明,鸡传染性支气管炎病毒流行株的血清型和基因型具有多样性,所引起的临床症状和病理变化也具有多样性。鸡传染性支气管炎严重危害国内养鸡业,表现为多种鸡传染性支气管炎病毒流行株在国内严重流行。因弱毒疫苗使用不当,不能对流行株提供足够的保护,引起病毒变异。当前国内必须高度重视鸡传染性支气管炎的防控,要通过加强该病的流行病学监测,提高疫苗免疫的针对性,筛选适合特定地区的疫苗,从而有效控制鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的流行。

Infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),with a single-stranded positive-stranded and easily mutated RNA genome,is highly pathogenic and highly disseminated to chickens.In recent years,it has been shown that the serotypes and genotypes of epidemic strains of IBV are diverse,and the clinical symptoms and pathological lesions caused are also diverse.IBV is currently seriously harming the domestic chicken industry in China.It is manifested that a variety of infectious bronchitis virus epidemic strains are severely circulating in the field.The improper use of attenuated vaccines cannot provide adequate protection to the epidemic strains and cause virus mutation.It is necessary to strengthen the epidemiological monitoring of the disease,improve the pertinence of vaccine immunity,and screen vaccines suitable for specific areas,so as to effectively control the epidemic of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens.