线粒体DNA变异在胃癌中的研究进展

Research progress of mitochondrial DNA variation in gastric cancer

线粒体参与调控细胞的多种生物学活动,对机体的生长、代谢、生物进化等至关重要。与核基因组(nDNA)相比,线粒体基因组(mtDNA)更容易受到活性氧(ROS)的损伤而发生变异,使线粒体呼吸链功能障碍从而导致包括胃癌在内的肿瘤的发生发展。在胃癌发生发展的整个复杂病变过程中,mtDNA变异发挥了重要作用。本文就胃癌中mtDNA的变异类型及其变异致癌的相关机制作一概述,旨在深入了解mtDNA变异在胃癌形成及其演进过程中的重要作用,为胃癌相关的基础研究以及临床诊疗提供更多的参考依据。

Mitochondria are involved in the regulation of various biological activities of cells,which are crucial to the growth,metabolism and biological evolution of the body.Compared with nuclear DNA(nDNA),mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)is more susceptible to damage by reactive oxygen species(ROS)and variates,which makes the mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction and leads to the development of tumors including gastric cancer.mtDNA mutations play an important role in the complex pathological process of gastric cancer.In this article,we reviewed the types of mtDNA variation in gastric cancer and their carcinogenic mechanisms,aiming to understand the important role of mtDNA variation in the formation and development of gastric cancer,and provide more information for basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.