不良饮食习惯与肝脏脂肪含量相关性研究

The association between poor eating habits and liver fat content

目的探讨不良饮食习惯与肝脂肪含量增加之间的相关性。方法对2010—2011年我国15所三甲医院2 007名内分泌科就诊患者,采用病史调查、实验室检测、体格检查、肝脂肪定量检测和不良饮食习惯问卷调查。结果单因素分析显示,不吃早餐(β=1.17,95%CI:0.53~1.81)、睡前进食(β=0.77,95%CI:0.15~1.39)、经常吃零食(β=0.80,95%CI:0.22~1.39)、进食很快(β=0.67,95%CI:0.15~1.18)、周末大吃大喝(β=0.89,95%CI:0.33~1.45)、经常在餐馆就餐(β=0.83,95%CI:0.27~1.39)、喜欢油腻食物(β=1.80,95%CI:1.20~2.39)、喜欢肉食(β=0.49,95%CI:0.02~0.96)、喜欢甜食(β=1.24,95%CI:0.61~1.86)、喜欢甜饮料(β=2.25,95%CI:1.50~2.99)、喜欢咸食(β=1.00,95%CI:0.44~1.56)这11个不良饮食习惯与肝脏脂肪含量增加呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,不吃早餐(β=0.88,95%CI:0.25~1.52)、喜欢油腻食物(β=1.29,95%CI:0.65~1.92)、喜欢甜饮料(β=1.53,95%CI:0.73~2.33)是肝脏脂肪含量增加的独立影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不良饮食习惯与肝脂肪含量增加呈正相关,戒除不良饮食习惯、建立合理的饮食制度与培养良好的饮食习惯有助于控制肝脂肪含量,预防非酒精性脂肪肝。

Objective To identify the correlation between poor eating habits and liver fat content. Methods From 2010 to 2011, a total of 2 007 outpatients from endocrinology departments of 15 Grade Ⅲ Level A hospitals were enrolled into the study. Laboratory tests and physical examinations were performed and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information as their eating habits and medical history. Results Single factor analysis showed that 11 major poor eating habits were positively correlated with the increase of liver fat content, which included skipping breakfast(β=1.17, 95%CI: 0.53-1.81), eating before bed(β=0.77, 95%CI: 0.15-1.39), snacking a lot(β=0.80, 95%CI: 0.22-1.39), fast eating(β=0.67, 95%CI: 0.15-1.18), heavy eating during weekends(β=0.89, 95%CI: 0.33-1.45), dining out regularly(β=0.83, 95%CI: 0.27-1.39), eating a lot greasy foods(β=1.80, 95%CI: 1.20-2.39)and meat(β=0.49, 95%CI: 0.02-0.96), consuming too much sweet foods(β=1.24, 95%CI: 0.61-1.86), sweet drinks(β=2.25, 95%CI: 1.50-2.99)and salty foods(β=1.00, 95%CI: 0.44-1.56). Multivariate regression analysis showed that skipping breakfast(β=0.88, 95%CI: 0.25-1.52), having too much greasy foods(β=1.29, 95%CI: 0.65-1.92) and sweet drinks(β=1.53, 95%CI: 0.73-2.33)were independent factors associated with the increase of liver fat content. Conclusions Unhealthy eating habits are closely related to the increase of liver fat content. Therefore, a healthy diet is very helpful in the control of liver fat content to prevent NAFLD.