外泌体在口腔鳞状细胞癌恶性进展及诊疗应用的研究

Exosomes mediate the malignant progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma and its application in diagnosis and treatment

外泌体是一种在细胞间通讯中起重要作用的细胞外囊泡,广泛存在于人体体液中,通过携带多种活性物质,如蛋白质、mRNA、微小RNA、DNA等传递生物信息,发挥生物学效应。口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)分泌的外泌体能通过激活多种信号通路,影响肿瘤微环境进而促进OSCC的发生发展,这为辅助OSCC的早期诊断和预后分析提供了新的治疗策略。此外,由于外泌体在肿瘤微环境中独特的交互作用,可利用外泌体及其修饰加工物作为基因和药物的有效载体,用于OSCC的靶向治疗。本文就外泌体的产生及其在OSCC中的作用以及外泌体在OSCC的临床诊断及治疗中的研究进展进行综述。

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that play an important role in intercellular communication and are wide‐ly present in human body fluids.Exosomes exert biological effects by carrying various active substances,such as proteins,mRNA,microRNA,and DNA.For example,those secreted by oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)can affect the tu‐mor microenvironment and promote the development of tumors by activating various signal pathways.Therefore,these vesicles provide a new treatment strategy for assisting the early diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC.Owing to their unique interaction in the tumor microenvironment,exosomes and their modified products can be used as effective carriers of genes and drugs for targeted OSCC therapy.This article reviews the production of exosomes,their role in OSCC,and the clinical diagnosis and treatment of exosomes in OSCC.