教学楼外接连廊对应急疏散影响的研究

Influence of teaching building external corridor on emergency evacuation

为研究教学楼外接连廊对应急疏散的影响,以某初中教学楼为例,提出对外接连廊的优化设计和管理方案。利用BIM技术和Pathfinder软件建立逃生人员应急疏散模型,通过模拟设定位置不同的连廊和连廊两侧不同的人员数量,并以整体疏散时间作为依据,系统性地研究其对整体疏散的影响。仿真结果表明,在连廊两侧逃生人员数量相当时,连廊的开启会延长整体的疏散时间,在5层设立连廊比在原先4层设立连廊更能提高疏散效率。因此在面对大量人员多出口疏散时,应按人群实际拥挤情况合理分散人群;建筑外接连廊在设计时应考虑对应急疏散的影响,设计在更合适的楼层将有利于减少整体疏散时间。该研究可为建筑外接连廊设计和管理提供参考。

In order to study the influence of external corridor of teaching building on emergency evacuation,the optimized design and management scheme of the external corridor was proposed by taking the junior middle school teaching building as an example.The emergency evacuation model for evacuees is established by means of the BIM technology and Pathfinder software,and the impact of corridor on the overall evacuation is researched systematically by simulating setting the corridor with different locations and the number of evacuees on both sides of the corridor,and taking the overall evacuation time as the basis.The simulation results show that the opening of the corridor can prolong the overall evacuation time when the number of evacuees on both sides of the corridor is equal,and the corridor on the 5th floor can improve the evacuation efficiency better than that on the original 4th floor.Therefore,the crowd shall be reasonably dispersed according to the actual crowd situation when a large number of people are evacuated from multiple exits,the influence on emergency evacuation should be considered in the design of building connecting corridor.The design of corridor in a more appropriate floor will be conducive to reducing the overall evacuation time and provide reference for the design and management of the buildings'external corridor.