茶马古道的概念、研究瓶颈与开拓方向——历史学科的视角

The Concept,Research Bottleneck and Development Direction of Ancient Tea-Horse Road:Perspective of Historical Discipline

本文回顾了茶马古道概念提出之前,历史学科对该概念指涉内容展开研究的三个角度,即汉藏关系史、交流史和交通史的角度,汉藏贸易史的角度,南方丝绸之路的角度。继而考察了茶马古道在20世纪80年代后期提出的时代背景,认为该原创性概念具有革命性意义,是中国学界对世界学术话语的重要贡献。而现有的茶马古道研究,还在一些方面存在尚待突破的瓶颈。这需要在今后的研究中继续深入,从历史学科的角度而言,主要包括:贸易和交通基本面的回归、文献基础的夯实、西藏茶马古道情况的全面梳理、当代“新茶马古道”的变迁以及概念国际传播与接收史的研究等。

This paper reviews the three aspects of historical studies on the concept of the ancient tea-horse road before it was born,which is the history of Sino-Tibetan relations,the history of exchanges and traffic,the history of Sino-Tibetan trade,and the Southern Silk Road.Then,it examines the historical background of the ancient tea-horse road put forward in the late 1980s,and concludes that the original concept has revolutionary significance.It is an important contribution of Chinese academic circles to the world academic discourse.However,the existing research on the ancient tea-horse road still has some bottleneck restrictions to be broken through and to be further studied in the future.From the perspective of historical disciplines,it mainly includes the return of trade and transportation fundamentals,the consolidation of literature foundation,the comprehensive review of the situation of the ancient tea-horse road in Tibet,the transformation of the contemporary"new tea-horse road",and the study of the history of the concept’s international dissemination and reception.