女子800米自由泳体力分配战术研究

Study on the Tactics of Physical Strength Allocation in Women’s 800m Freestyle

本文以我国女子800米自由泳体力分配战术现状为研究对象,共收集了2015年-2019年全国游泳锦标赛、全国大学生游泳锦标赛的比赛数据,将调查对象分为专业组、注册组、非注册组分别为40名、37名、37名,对比分析了我国女子运动员2015-2019年间800米自由泳分段时间变化特征。结果发现:1.非注册组运动员分段时间变化使最终成绩发生显著性变化;注册组2015-2019年间分段时间存在巨大差异;专业组运动员分段速度的不同对总成绩的影响不存在显著性差异。2.专业组运动员800米全程速度波动幅度较小,100分段时间百分比变化不超过0.64%。大学生运动员注册组100分段时间百分比变化在1.12%,非注册组800米自由泳速度百分比变化在1.15%。3.专业竞技游泳运动员与大学生运动员的分段时间存在显著性差异。专业组运动员较多采用加速-减速-均速或加速-加速的战术安排;大学生运动员普遍各方面身体素质水平相对较低,较多采用加速-减速或均速-加速的战术安排。

This paper regards the current tactics of physical strength allocation in women’s 800 m freestyle as the research object. It collects data related to the National Swimming Championships and National Swimming Championships of College Students from 2015 to 2019. The research objects are divided into professional group,registration group and non-registration group with 40,37 and 37 members respectively. Then it carries out a contrastive analysis on the change features in split time of our national female athletes’ 800 m freestyle from 2015 to 2019. Results: 1. In the non-registration group,athletes’ change in split time makes the final score changed significantly;in the registration group,there is a huge difference in split time from 2015 to 2019;in the professional group,the difference of athletes’ speed in split time has no significant effect on the total score. 2. In the professional group,the fluctuation range of athletes’ 800 m freestyle concerning their speed in the whole course is small,and the percentage change in 100 split time is not more than 0. 64%. As regards to college student athletes,the percentage change in 100 split time is 1. 12% in registration group,the speed percentage change of800 m freestyle is 1. 15% in non-registration group. 3. Professional competitive swimmers’ and college student athletes’ split time is significantly different. The athletes in professional group usually adopt the tactics which is characterized by accelerating-slowing down-mean speed or accelerating-accelerating;college student athletes’ physical quality is relatively low and the tactics which is characterized by accelerating-slowing down or mean speed-accelerating is more frequently adopted.