基于DEA-Malmquist法的中央财政专项扶贫资金使用效率研究

Research on the use efficiency of central financial special poverty alleviation funds efficiency based on DEA-Malmquist method

我国农村扶贫资金的主体是中央财政专项扶贫资金,研究中央财政扶贫资金使用效率,对于巩固脱贫成果、助推乡村振兴具有重大意义。运用DEA-Malmquist法,对我国28个省(区、市)2016—2019年中央财政专项扶贫资金的使用进行静态效率和动态效率分析,得出以下结论:我国实施精准扶贫政策以来,中央财政专项扶贫资金使用效率不断提高,总体呈增长趋势;不同农村地区扶贫资金使用效率存在巨大差异,在不同规模报酬设定下的扶贫资金使用效率也存在差异;生产效率指数可以大幅度带动各地区全要素生产率指数提升,而技术和规模效率是影响各个地区全要素生产率的主要因素。据此,提出几点对策建议:①强化财政扶贫资金监管,提高其使用效率;②拓宽扶贫渠道,提高农民技术水平;③提高扶贫资金投入的针对性与实效性。

The main body of China’s rural poverty alleviation is the special poverty alleviation funds of the central government.It is of great significance to study the utilization efficiency of the central government’s poverty alleviation funds for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and boosting rural revitalization.This paper uses DEA Malmquist method to analyze the static efficiency and dynamic efficiency of the use of special poverty alleviation funds of central finance in 28 provinces of China from 2016 to 2019,and draws the following conclusions:since the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy in China,the use efficiency of special poverty alleviation funds of central finance has been continuously improved,and the overall growth trend is shown;There are great differences in different rural areas,and there are also differences in the use efficiency of poverty alleviation funds in poor areas under different returns to scale;Production efficiency index can greatly promote the improvement of TFP index in various regions,and technology and scale efficiency are the main reasons for the improvement of TFP in various regions.Accordingly,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions:strengthen the supervision of financial poverty alleviation funds,improve the efficiency of use;Broaden the channels of poverty alleviation and improve the technical level of farmers;Realize the pertinence and timeliness of poverty alleviation fund investment.