从词汇统计管窥《聊斋志异》狐女形象的审美趣味

A Glimpse of the Aesthetic Interest of the Fox Girls in Strange Stories From a Lonely Studio Through Lexical Statistics

蒲松龄在《聊斋志异》中对狐女形象的描写极具研究价值。追溯狐文化的源头,可知中国古代狐女形象由来已久且不断发展变化,及至《聊斋志异》,已完成了在文艺作品中世俗化和人格化的演变历程。以词汇统计的方式整理《聊斋志异》中狐女形象的基本信息,发掘其年龄区间及籍贯地域化特征,梳理其外在美和内在美的呈现点,可以得出蒲松龄建构的美狐世界所展现的审美趣味。该世界中狐女形象具有显著的“少女化”特征且往往品德高尚、温柔敦厚,与个别淫狐、恶狐形成美丑对比,展现了蒲松龄对人性真善美的讴歌与向往。同时,美狐自身的开放特性与后期的保守观念是蒲松龄多重情感的寄托,也间接体现出《聊斋志异》中狐女形象审美趣味的复杂性。

Pu Songling’s description of fox girls in Strange Stories From a Lonely Studio is of great research value.Tracing the source of fox culture,we can see that the images of fox girls in ancient China have a long history and keep developing and changing,and as far as in Strange Stories From a Lonely Studio,they completed the evolution process of secularization and personalization in literary works.Sorting out the basic information of the fox girls in the novel Strange Stories From a Lonely Studio by means of lexical statistics,exploring the age range and the regionalization characteristics of their native places,and combing the presentation points of their external beauty and internal beauty,we can get the aesthetic taste presented by the beautiful fox world constructed by Pu Songling.In this world,the images of fox girls have obvious“girlish”characteristics and tend to be noble,gentle and honest,which form a contrast of beauty and ugliness with some evil foxes,showing Pu Songling’s singing and yearning for the truth,goodness and beauty of human nature.At the same time,the open character of the fox girls and their traditional concepts after marriage shows Pu Songling’s multiple emotions,and also indirectly reflect the complexity of the aesthetic taste of the fox girls in Strange Stories From a Lonely Studio.