一种气动弹簧内置结构的斯特林制冷机设计

Design of the Stirling cryocooler with built-in pneumatic springs in displacer

设计了一台100 W/77 K的分置式大冷量斯特林制冷机,其中气动弹簧组内置于空心排出器中,缩小了膨胀机的轴向尺寸。热端膨胀腔与压缩腔之间通过辐射状分布的分离式“明渠”结构通气槽连通,降低了加工难度。压缩机为对置式双气浮活塞结构,最大输入功率2 kW。介绍了该制冷机的热力设计和动力设计,给出了参数设计结果,最后分析了压缩机各类损失对制冷效率的影响。模拟结果表明,在1064 W的PV功下,制冷机77 K可以获得104 W制冷量,当压缩机效率大于85%,热端温度20℃时,电功消耗小于1252 W,比卡诺效率大于23%。

The design of a split high-capacity Stirling cryocooler with a performance of 100 W/77 K is presented in this paper.The pneumatic springs are mounted into the hallow dis-placer for more compact geometry.The novel structure of radial gas passages as like‘open chan-nels’are adopted for easy machining.The maximum input power of the opposed linear compres-sor is 2 kW.The thermodynamic design is addressed and the resulting parameters of the cryocool-er are given.In addition,the effect of the losses of the compressor on the cooling efficiency is an-alyzed.The cryocooler could achieve 104 W cooling power at 77 K with an input PV power of 1064 W.Moreover,the electric power consumption is less than 1252 W and the relative Carnot efficiency is higher than 23%with a compressor efficiency of 85%and a rejection temperature of 20℃.