蓝狐母系起源及谱系重建

Maternal Origin and Pedigree Reconstruction of the Blue Fox

蓝狐是圈养北极狐(Vulpex lagopus)的主要品种。因缺少科学有效的遗传管理,引进种兽后代逐年退化,造成反复引种的依赖性局面。为保持蓝狐种群的优良性状,开展科学选种选育、降低近交的概率,分析122只引进芬兰蓝狐的线粒体DNA D-Loop区294 bp序列,结合已发表的野生、圈养北极狐种群单倍型数据进行母系追踪,应用11个微卫星位点的复合扩增对其中53只进行单亲亲权鉴定。结果表明:蓝狐种群仅有1种单倍型,血统单一,与瑞典养殖种群、西伯利亚野生种群关系密切。11个微卫星位点累计排除概率达到0.9999,成功为11只仔狐找到生物学父亲。同时发现,母狐经2次输精后成功受孕的概率较高(64%),以及同窝仔狐中存在多重父权的现象。因此,线粒体和微卫星等分子手段的引入,可以为蓝狐的遗传管理提供科学有效的依据。

Blue fox is a major breed of the captive arctic fox(Vulpex lagopus).Due to the lack of scientific and effective genetic management,the offspring of introduced breeders degenerate year by year,resulting in a dependent situation of repeated introductions.In order to keep the excellent characters of blue fox population,we conducted scientific selection and breeding to reduce the probability of inbreeding.We analyzed 294 bp sequences of mitochondrial D-Loop region of 122 introduced Finnish blue foxes,combined with published haplotype data of wild and captive arctic fox populations to trace maternal lineage,and then applied compound amplification pairs of 11 microsatellite loci to test single parenthood of 53 blue foxes.The results showed that the blue fox population has only one haplotype within a single lineage,which is closely related to the Swedish breeding population and the Siberian wild population.The biological fathers of 11 fox cubs were successfully identified based on 11 microsatellite loci with a cumulative exclusion probability of 0.9999.It was uncovered that the conception probability of female foxes after the secondary artificial insemination was high(64%),and there was a phenomenon of multiple paternity in the same nest fox.Therefore,the introduction of molecular means such as mitochondria and microsatellite can provide scientific and effective basis for the genetic management of blue fox.