公众对北京市公园人工声景的感知

The public’s Perception of Anthrophony Soundscape in Beijing’s Urban Parks

文章基于前期人工声景变化规律的研究,于2019年7—11月,采用线上和线下问卷结合的方式,对北京10个城市公园内1804位游客的人工声景感知数据进行调查分析,以探讨不同类型城市公园中声景对公园景观评价的影响及公众对人工声景的反馈评价情况。研究结果表明:1)声景会间接影响公园的声景感知和景观评价,是影响游憩体验的重要因素;2)公园中的声源和谐度越高、安静度越高,则公园声景的总体满意度也越高;3)性别和年龄是影响人工声景观感知的主要因素;4)受访者普遍对生物声与地球物理声表示喜爱,对大部分的人工声表示理解但并不喜爱,人工声中的唱歌声、乐器声、脚步声、运动健身声评价较高,最不被喜爱的是建筑施工声。研究结果可为公园声景改造提升设计提供参考,以进一步改善公众游览体验。

From July to November in 2019,based on the previous research on the change of anthrophony,the authors investigated and analyzed the anthrophony soundscape perception data of 1804 visitors from 10 urban parks in Beijing by using on-line and off-line questionnaires.The paper discusses the influence of soundscape on landscape evaluation in different types of urban parks and the public’s feedback evaluation of anthrophony.The results show that:1)Soundscape can directly affect the soundscape perception and landscape evaluation of the parks,which is an important factor affecting the recreation experience of tourists;2)The better the sound harmony and the higher the quietness in the parks,the higher the overall satisfaction to the soundscape;3)Gender and age are the main factors affecting the perception of anthrophony soundscape;4)Respondents generally like biophony and geophony and they accept most of anthrophony but don’t like them.Among the anthrophony,singing,musical instrument’s sound,footstep’s sound and sport’s sound are highly evaluated,while construction sound is the least favorite.The research would provide references for soundscape improvement design and then further improve in public visiting experience.