基于GIS的黑龙江省多年平均降水量空间插值分析比较

Analysis and comparison of Spatial interpolation of Multi-year average precipitation in Heilongjiang Province based on GIS

以黑龙江省分辨率为90m的数字高程模型(DEM)的数据为基础,结合ArcGIS软件,分析黑龙江省83个气象站点1971—2018年的降水资料,采用克里金法(Kriging)、反距离权重法(IDW)、径向基函数法(RBF)、全局多项式插值法(GPI)和趋势面法(TS)五种方法进行空间插值模拟。结果表明,黑龙江省年平均降水量东多西少,具有自边缘到中心逐渐增加的特征。西南部和西北部(漠河和北极村)的降水量大多在500mm以下,部分中部地区的降水量超过700mm。总体年平均降水量在400mm—700mm之间,大部分地区属于半湿润区。在该研究区域中,通过克里金指数模型插值方法获得结果的准确性优于其他插值方法。

Bbased on the digital elevation model(DEM)data of Heilongjiang Province with a resolution of 90 m,combined with ArcGIS software,using the annual mean precipitation of 83 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province from 1971 to 2018,five methods including Kriging,inverse distance weight(IDW),radial basis function(RBF),Global Polynomial Interpolation(GPI)and Trend Surface(TS)were adopted for spatial interpolation simulation.The results show that the average annual precipitation in Heilongjiang Province is more in the east than in the west,and it increases gradually from the edge to the center.The precipitation in the southwest and northwest(Mohe and Arctic villages)is mostly below 500 mm,and the precipitation in some central regions even exceeds that of 700 mm.The overall annual average precipitation is between 400 mm~700 mm,and most areas belong to semi-humid areas.In this study area,the accuracy of the results obtained by Kriging index model interpolation method is better than that of other interpolation methods.